Newton's Laws of Motion:
® First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia)
• An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move with a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.
• This law states that an object will maintain its state of motion unless a force is applied to it.
• Mathematically, this law can be expressed as: F = 0, where F is the net force acting on the object.
© Second Law of Motion (Law of Acceleration)
• The force applied to an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration.
• This law states that the force required to accelerate an object is proportional to the mass of the object and the acceleration produced.
• Mathematically, this law can be expressed as: F = ma, where F is the net force acting on the object, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration of the object.
Δ : Third Law of Motion (Law of Action and Reaction)
• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• This law states that when two objects interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
• Mathematically, this law can be expressed as: F1 = -F2, where F1 and F2 are the forces applied by the two objects to each other.
Key Concepts:
• Force : A push or pull that causes an object to change its motion.
• Mass : A measure of the amount of matter in an object.
• Acceleration : The rate of change of an object's velocity.
•Velocity : The speed of an object in a specific direction.
• Inertia : The tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion.
Examples:
• A car accelerates from 0 to 60 km/h in 10 seconds. What is the force required to produce this acceleration?
• A ball is thrown upwards with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. What is the force of gravity acting on the ball?
• A rocket is launched into space with a force of 1000 N. What is the acceleration of the rocket?
Formulas:
• F = ma (Second Law of Motion)
• F = μN (Frictional Force)
•F = (m1 m2) / r^2 (Gravitational Force)
• F = q1 * q2 / (4 * π * ε0 * r^2) (Electrostatic Force)
Note: These are just some of the key concepts and formulas related to Newton's Laws of Motion. There are many more topics and concepts that are covered in a typical physics course.